Ad/Pr Case 12: Multiply marks milestone with shopping party

 

With the fast growing and emergence of technology, no wonder that technologies now made changes in our usual activities like in communication, business, and many more. One of it is shopping. Shopping is one of the most habitual things that we do. But because of the rise of technologies particularly to the internet, online shopping has been established in the virtual world. Social networking sites such as Friendster, Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, Multiply, and many more contribute with the fast development of online shopping.

Multiply is one of the social networking sites that online shopping mostly occur. Though at first selling in this social networking site is against the site’s terms of service, they found out the high potential of this site for e-commerce because of the continuous used of Filipinos in selling products. With this, they throw the first-ever shopping party in the Philippines at Whitespace in October where Multiply treated fashion loves and merchants to a one-of-a-kind virtual shopping experience.

With the fast existing of technology, no wonder many people became interested in doing it because it is convenient way of shopping. Though may still prefer the usual shopping routine. Many companies find online selling and advertising is an effective form of reaching the people. Many people are now being online almost every day. There are some those online for every hour or minute. And being connected online is now more convenient to everyone that now they can connect using their mobile phones. With this, companies can easily reach and convince people to get their products.

 

Source: Adobo Magazine, Issue 31, January-February 2012 

http://www.eventlovershideout.com/2011/09/multiply-com-will-visit-your-office/

Ad/Pr Case 11: It’s TRU: Bench, Nike and Adidas are top brands for Filipino teens

Filipinos particularly the teenagers are very fond of buying things. Shopping has been part of each and every one of us activity. We tend to shop things may or may not be necessary to us, from foods, clothes, beauty products and many more. As long as it fulfils one satisfaction, we buy it. Because of this, many brands, local and imported, arise as it offers different types of product which they thought that important and necessary to the Filipinos living.

Close and tight competition emerges in local and foreign products. Many consumers find it local products is better than the imported products, and vice versa.  In the first Philippine study by global youth research organization Teens Research Unlimited or TRU entitled “The TRU Study: 2011 Philippines Teen Edition”, they revealed that 9 out of 10 teenagers see local brands as being at par with other US brands. Filipino clothing brand Bench grabbed the number one spot in teens’ list of favourite brands which was , followed by Nike, Adidas, Jag Jeans, Jollibee, Lee, Levi’s, Avon, Natasha and Nokia.

It only shows that Filipino teens still find Filipino brands have good qualities that can meet the needs and satisfaction of them. Filipino companies are doing their best to level their products like with other imported products. They are building up a strong quality of products that can be globally competitive. Local Filipino brands should be more visible to the eyes and familiar to the ears of the consumers so that they will be easily remembered by the consumers. Through effective advertising, they should get the attention and interest of the consumers especially to the Filipinos. They should even know the tastes, needs and good qualities that the consumers look for.

I admit I patronized these products, local and imported. For me, it’s not because of the brand’s name or the crab mentality. I bought the product because it meets the requirements I needed for a certain product.

 

 Source: Adobo Magazine, Issue 31, January-February 2012

Ad/Pr Case 10: Here, there, and DPWHere: Agency creatives fuel meme

The photo of the three officials of the Department Public Works and Highways (DPWH) while discussing about the damages of Typhoon Pedring at Roxas Boulevard and Manila Bay became one of the most viral photos in the world of netizens. Many netizens have noticed that the picture posted at the said government department’s Facebook page was edited or photo shopped. Because of this, netizens have created a facebook community page entitled “DPWHere” creted on September 30. This page has members who post their own photo manipulations of the 3 DPWH Officials: DPWH Undersecretary Romeo Momo, DPWH NCR Director Rey Tagudando, and DPWH South Manila District Engineer MikunugMacud. The 3 DPWH Officials were photo shopped on different movie posters, TV shows and movie stills, tourist spots, screen shots of video games, and even photos of current events.

In my perception as an ordinary citizen of this country and an internet user, I may have negative reactions on this matter. Actually, I first saw this picture on the social networking site facebook but I didn’t put too much attention on this. I just have heard the detailed information about this is on the television show on GMA News TV, AngPinaka, which features the 2011 Top 10 Viral Pictures in the internet world. Among the Top 10 viral pictures of 2011 is this photo of the 3 DPWH Officials. One of the administrator or member of the Facebook Page of the said government department made a big mistake on posting this picture. What is their purpose in putting such kind of “PHOTOSHOPPED” picture? Did they intend to show to the public that their department is doing their responsibility? The administrator of the DPWH’s Facebook Page became careless in controlling the information that they released in their audiences. Instead of building up a good image to the people, with this issue, they just put up a bad image on the people. In my own opinion, they are deceiving the people. They publicize a photoshopped or edited picture just to be proud that they are doing responsibility which we all know that it is not true. People will appreciate it more if they will post REAL CAPTURED photos showing how responsible they are.

 

 Source: Adobo Magazine, Issue 31, January-February 2012 

http://quiapo.wordpress.com/2011/09/28/dpwh-photoshop-fail/

 

Ad/Pr Case 9: PAUL SORIANO

Paul Soriano is now one of the most talented directors in the generation today. He has been one of the best directors in the world of advertising in the Philippines. He had directed different television commercials of various big products in the country like Western Union, Skin White, Jollibee, Nestle, Nokia, Globe and Chevrolet. He even directed different music videos and station IDs.

Director Paul Soriano has directed a newly released movie entitled “Thelma”. It is the second film of Paul Soriano that underwent a two-year research, writing and re-writing, and production. Maja Salvador starred in the movie that got the title role of the movie. It is about the story of a spirited, talented and reluctant runner from Ilocos who became an athlete to help her family financially.

We all know that the world of advertising and movies have similarities and differences.  They may have near similarities and far differences when it comes to their features and approaches. But to Direk Paul Soriano these similarities and differences of advertising from movies give contribution to his skill development towards the two fields.

Direk Paul Soriano being one of the directors in different television commercials used his directing skills in advertising as foundation to develop his skills in movie directing. He was able to apply everything he knew about advertising in movie directing. Everything he knew about directing television commercials may not be all applicable to movie directing. Everything has their differences and uniqueness. But still the outcome or result of the movie is good and positive.

There are things that may be applicable or not to other things. There is nothing wrong in doing trial-and-error. This way we can learn and discover new things about it. But still we need to assure that in everything we do, it follows positive results.

 

 Source: Adobo Magazine, Issue 31, January-February 2012

http://www.showbiz-portal.com/2011/09/maja-salvador-and-director-paul-soriano.html

AD/PR Case 8: The Phenomenal Cheesy Campaign

  

Who would have thought that one of the television commercial of one of the pizza chain in the country the Greenwich will be a big hit? The catchy phrase “Sobrang Cheesy!” used by one of the famous actor in the entertainment world today, John Lloyd Cruz, became a big hit. This line was part of the Cheesy campaign of the Greenwich pizza to introduce different types of cheese flavors in their pizza.

In the article of The Philippine Star dated December 20, 2009, featured this campaign entitled “The Cheesy Phenomenon”. When this catchy phrase was first introduced in Greenwich‘s TV commercial featuring John Lloyd Cruz and Bea Alonzo, nobody knew that it would become as famous line as it is today. In fact, the line can be heard virtually everywhere, with today’s young crowd delivering these three words to spice up sweet and romantic situations.

“Sobrang cheesy talaga!” started as the tagline of Greenwich’s award-winning Cheesy campaign that celebrates the affectionate and loving trait of Filipinos and their love for cheese. The Filipino’s fondness of cheese and cheesy moments also served as the inspiration behind Extreme Cheese Overloaded Pizzas, Greenwich’s pizza creations decked in ultimate cheesy goodness.

Greenwich’s Cheesy campaign enjoyed even greater popularity as more TV commercials from the Philippine’s largest pizza chain were launched featuring UAAP star and TV host Chris Tiu and John Lloyd, together with the Greenwich barkada. In each commercial, the two stars showed Filipinos what it really means to be cheesy with the quirkiest, most endearing and entertaining scenes that would always end with the Greenwich barkada exclaiming, “Sobrang cheesy talaga!”

As a media consumer and viewer/audience, I admit that I was even influenced by this commercial. I even used the phrases unintentionally. It seems that it became part of my usual language. I was hooked with this commercial. I love Italian foods like pizza. With this commercial, I find it a very effective one because it really made a big mark on the advertising world.

Rhetoric can be defined as 1) to perceive how language is at work orally and in writing, and 2) to become proficient in applying the resources of language in their own speaking and writing. In a way every utterance of a human is rhetoric, because all human utterances are speech-acts meant to persuade.

 

Discerning how language is working in others’ or one’s own writing and speaking, one must (artificially) divide form and content, what is being said and how this is said, because rhetoric examines so attentively the how of language, the methods and means of communication, it has sometimes been discounted as something only concerned with style or appearances, and not with the quality or content of communication.

 

Rhetoric has sometimes lived down to its critics, but as set forth from antiquity, rhetoric was a comprehensive art just as much concerned with what one could say as how one might say it. Indeed, a basic premise for rhetoric is the indivisibility of means from meaning; how one says something conveys meaning as much as what one says. Rhetoric studies the effectiveness of language comprehensively, including its emotional impact, as much as its propositional content

 

 

Credits:

http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=534201&publicationSubCategoryId=70

http://www.utwente.nl/cw/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20clusters/Language%20Theory%20and%20Linguistics/Classical_Rhetoric.doc/

http://www.scribd.com/doc/40477217/List-of-Mass-Communication-Theories

http://sirmarteliascarlo.tumblr.com/post/15940761319

http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?q=cheesy+greenwich+commercial&um=1&hl=en&noj=1&biw=1366&bih=681&tbm=isch&tbnid=iJ-d9zdOJMkH7M:&imgrefurl=http://www.greenwich.com.ph/awards.php&docid=0cWlHydpedgraM&imgurl=http://www.greenwich.com.ph/images/article/awards/arawawards-2.jpg&w=300&h=400&ei=rm8dT_7vKoWUiQeWw6nrCw&zoom=1

http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?q=cheesy+greenwich+commercial&um=1&hl=en&noj=1&biw=1366&bih=681&tbm=isch&tbnid=p3RvMzD9KdDQaM:&imgrefurl=http://www.vintersections.com/2010/07/greenwich-levels-up-with-xtreme-cheese.html&docid=HxuzGiBfNz-6YM&imgurl=http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Ly_XqGar02A/TDWY-MA680I/AAAAAAAAEPU/yeibC3-Mhv0/s1600/level%252Bup%252Bposter%252Bcopy.jpg&w=439&h=600&ei=rm8dT_7vKoWUiQeWw6nrCw&zoom=1

 Adobo Magazine, Issue 31, January-February 2011

AD/PR Case 7: PANA in 2010: Global Standards, Local Relevance

We cannot deny the fact that there are so many forms of advertisements in our country. There are the personal advertisement, print advertisements and electronic advertisement even the internet or virtual world was even use in the world of advertising. Electronic media, specifically the television as form of the medium in the advertisement, was the most effective form of medium. Most of the households in the Philippines have their own television. And advertisers found out that television covers a very wide range of audience.

Philippine Association of National Advertisers or PANA is a 52 year old advertisement related organization in the Philippines. PANA is one of the sectoral members of Adboard which was established on January 30, 1958. It is a non-stock, non-profit organization committed to the promotion of Truth in Advertising. PANA was formed by advertisers for advertisers uniting the users of advertising. It was founded on four basic principles namely: belief in advertising as an important tool in marketing goods and services; belief that consumer’s interest should prevail by making it the advertiser’s primary concern; belief in the promotion and protection of the public’s confidence in advertising and advertised goods and services; and the belief in the upliftment of advertising standards and practices.

PANA’s mission is to practice fair and honest advertising to protect the interests of the consumers as well as to develop its members to be responsible and market-sensitive practitioners through relevant educational programs and interaction. Presently, PANA has a total of 319 member companies. It also aims to partner with other industry organizations in nation building through responsible advertising and media content.

It is nice to hear and discovered that there is a concerned organization regarding this matter particularly in advertising. PANA is aiming to successfully level up the standing of the locally produced advertisements to the global standards. Do you think as a media consumer they are complying with their goals?

For me, as a media consumer, I think there are still some advertisements that were insignificant. A significant advertisement for me is something that is more informative and full of values. For example are in the children viewers. Advertisers should be aware that children spend their time watching television. As advertisers, they should produce commercials which are very significant and good for them. There are higher tendency for children to be influenced by not just television programs but also with television commercials.

As of now, I can say that I am not totally satisfied with this. Why? Yes, I am satisfied with the quality of commercials I have watched that were locally produced that they can be lined up with the foreign commercials. But with the fact that they are monitoring the contents of the commercials, I am still not satisfied. There are still commercials that were aired in the television then all of a sudden it will be banned because other sectors of the society criticized about it. Banned commercials are still produced in our country.

Credits:                                      

http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Philippine_Association_Of_National_Advertisers_(PANA)

http://www.clipartof.com/portfolio/bestvector/illustration/retro-black-and-white-service-give-us-a-trial-and-be-convinced-advertisement-210430.html

http://sirmarteliascarlo.tumblr.com/post/15940736049

Adobo Magazine, Issue 31, January-February 2011

AD/PR Case 7: PANA in 2010: Global Standards, Local Relevance

We cannot deny the fact that there are so many forms of advertisements in our country. There are the personal advertisement, print advertisements and electronic advertisement even the internet or virtual world was even use in the world of advertising. Electronic media, specifically the television as form of the medium in the advertisement, was the most effective form of medium. Most of the households in the Philippines have their own television. And advertisers found out that television covers a very wide range of audience.

Philippine Association of National Advertisers or PANA is a 52 year old advertisement related organization in the Philippines. PANA is one of the sectoral members of Adboard which was established on January 30, 1958. It is a non-stock, non-profit organization committed to the promotion of Truth in Advertising. PANA was formed by advertisers for advertisers uniting the users of advertising. It was founded on four basic principles namely: belief in advertising as an important tool in marketing goods and services; belief that consumer’s interest should prevail by making it the advertiser’s primary concern; belief in the promotion and protection of the public’s confidence in advertising and advertised goods and services; and the belief in the upliftment of advertising standards and practices.

PANA’s mission is to practice fair and honest advertising to protect the interests of the consumers as well as to develop its members to be responsible and market-sensitive practitioners through relevant educational programs and interaction. Presently, PANA has a total of 319 member companies. It also aims to partner with other industry organizations in nation building through responsible advertising and media content.

It is nice to hear and discovered that there is a concerned organization regarding this matter particularly in advertising. PANA is aiming to successfully level up the standing of the locally produced advertisements to the global standards. Do you think as a media consumer they are complying with their goals?

For me, as a media consumer, I think there are still some advertisements that were insignificant. A significant advertisement for me is something that is more informative and full of values. For example are in the children viewers. Advertisers should be aware that children spend their time watching television. As advertisers, they should produce commercials which are very significant and good for them. There are higher tendency for children to be influenced by not just television programs but also with television commercials.

As of now, I can say that I am not totally satisfied with this. Why? Yes, I am satisfied with the quality of commercials I have watched that were locally produced that they can be lined up with the foreign commercials. But with the fact that they are monitoring the contents of the commercials, I am still not satisfied. There are still commercials that were aired in the television then all of a sudden it will be banned because other sectors of the society criticized about it. Banned commercials are still produced in our country.

Credits:                                      

http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Philippine_Association_Of_National_Advertisers_(PANA)

Adobo Magazine, Issue 31, January-February 2011

http://www.clipartof.com/portfolio/bestvector/illustration/retro-black-and-white-service-give-us-a-trial-and-be-convinced-advertisement-210430.html


Mass communications comprise the institutions and techniques by which specialized groups employ technological devices (press, radio, films„ etc.) to disseminate symbolic content to large heterogeneous and widely dispersed audiences. Janowitz, 1968 

The simplest definition of mass communication is “public communication transmitted electronically or mechanically.” In this way, messages are transmitted or sent to large, perhaps millions or billions of people spread across the world. Whenever I heard mass communication, the first thing that gets through my mind is wide. Why wide? As what I have remembered, it covers a very wide range of audience and it uses different forms of media to disseminate its messages. The main functions of mass communication are informing, educating and entertaining even a wide range of people.

There are two forms of media, the Traditional Media and Electronic Media. Traditional media are part of a country’s rich heritage. There are several forms of it like storytelling, folk songs, street theater and puppetry. Right now, when we say traditional media, it points to the foundations or base of the media industry like television, print, photography, radio and film. Electronic media on the other hand are the technologies used nowadays by media practitioners like the online writings, digital media, information technology. These types of media are considered as new media. Television, radio, film, print and photography are also considered as Electronic Media.

There are different institutions that make up the Mass Communication industry. Each institution specialize a specific field. Each specialized field use media technologies depending on their field. Each field has their own way or strategy on how they will transmit the message that they want to convey to their audience. One field may look for the help of the other field in order to make the presentation more attractive and interesting. For example, a TV production may look for a help of a photographer to shoot beautiful angles of pictures which can be use in the television.

An understanding of media richness theory is useful in when examining the impact that different communication media types potentially have on the message. Media richness theory comes primarily from the literature on computer-mediated communications (CMC) and is most often associated with business communication. In this context, media richness theory is used to analyze communication media choices and to help reduce ambiguity of communication through the appropriate selection of communication media.

Media richness is explained by some researchers (Trevino, Lengel et al. 1987) as the ability of a medium to carry information. Sitkin, Sutcliffe, and Barrios-Choplin, (1992) identify two components of a medium’s ability to carry information. These two components are the data carrying capacity and the symbol carrying capacity. Data carrying capacity refers to the medium’s ability to transmit information while symbol carrying capacity refers to the medium’s ability to carry information about the information or about the individuals who are communicating.

Researchers who work with media richness theory often rank communication media on their abilities to carry both information types, but especially the second type, symbolic information. The criteria for ranking a medium’s ability to carry information can be based on the ability of the media to, relay immediate feedback, provide feedback cues such as body language, allow the message to be created or altered specifically for an intended recipient, and transmit the feelings or emotions of the communicators. (Daft and Lengel 1984). In discussing communication in online classes, Newberry (2001) builds on the work of these researchers to construct the following table which attempts to place seven different types of communications media in a three-position matrix (high, medium, and low) expressing the media’s performance or its ability to carry: feedback, multiple cues such as body language, message tailoring, and emotions.

Attempting to rank different media choices does not imply that one is better than the other. Each media type has its own advantages and disadvantages and each is probably more appropriate than the others in different situations. In fact that is the point of much of the media richness research; one should choose the media type that offers the greatest efficiency and the greatest opportunity for the intended message to be conveyed accurately. In educational activities the choice of media can be influenced by many factors. Some of which include, technology availability, time constraints, familiarity with the technology, task appropriateness of the technology and desired outcomes of the learning activity. 

Credits :

http://sirmarteliascarlo.tumblr.com/post/13437136724

http://download.nos.org/srsec335new/ch2.pdf

http://learngen.org/Resources/lgend101_norm1/200/210/211_3.html

http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?q=media+clipart&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=705&tbm=isch&tbnid=ZI7VceK2uDnqcM:&imgrefurl=http://photoshop.backata.com/2010/08/page/2/&docid=yyzUBQC732DB8M&imgurl=http://photoshop.backata.com/uploads/posts/2010-08/1283202277_91.media-business-icons.jpg&w=1000&h=667&ei=99vkTq_WFuepiAfAx7i3BQ&zoom=1

None of us can know everything; each of us knows some things; and we can put the pieces together if we pool our resources and combine our skills. Jenkins, H. (2006) Introduction: Worship at the Altar of Convergence


In this statement, we all knew that no one knows everything. There is still a need for each and every one of us to learn something new. I beg to disagree if ever someone admits that he/she knew everything because I believe that the world is so big that it there are lots of things we need to know.

In this world, there are lots of secrets. Each of us has their own secrets that we hide to others. There are also things which have secrets. Yes, there are no secrets that will be kept. Time will come that secrets will be revealed. But I believed that it is not enough for a person admit that they know everything.

All of us knew some things which may not be known by others. There are also things that we don’t know yet others know. We can’t force to learn all things in life. I believed that there are things that are not meant for us to learn or knew.

Learning started as our brain started to work. Every day we learn. School has been an instrument used to learn more things in life and to our world. Admit it; school is still not enough to give us new information. We may learn from looking around the places we went and interacting to other people.  We might not see it obviously because we see it as our habit and nothing is new. But as new day approaches, there are changes and new things in life that we may learn.

Technology especially media technologies plays a big part in information dissemination. Media technologies like television, radio, cell phones, and computers are the most in demand sources of information. Most of the people tend to get new information through these types of resources. People became globally informed because of these technologies especially when the internet connection has been established. Through the World Wide Web, people tend to explore other places even if it is located to the other countries.

By putting all the information we have gathered, we can put up new information which can be used for future resources.  Same with our skills, if we are in a game and each member has their own strengths and weakness so as with abilities, we can bond it together in order finish the task given.

Activity Theory is the theory that I found related to it. It considers entire work/activity system (including teams, organizations, etc.) beyond just one actor or user. It also Accounts for environment, history of the person, culture, role of the artifact, motivations, complexity of real life action, etc.

 

The model is useful for understanding how a wide range factors work together to impact an activity. In order to reach an outcome it is necessary to produce certain objects (e.g. experiences, knowledge, and physical products) Human activity is mediated by artifacts (e.g. tools used, documents, recipes, etc.) Activity is also mediated by an organization or community. Also, the community may impose rules that affect activity. The subject works as part of the community to achieve the object. An activity normally also features a division of labour.

Credits :

http://sirmarteliascarlo.tumblr.com/post/13820241184

http://www.learning-theories.com/activity-theory.html

http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?q=unity+clipart&hl=en&sa=X&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=705&tbm=isch&tbnid=_QFY3_9e_YqmCM:&imgrefurl=https://www.library.drexel.edu/blogs/groupwork/category/together/&docid=sxFjp6ZWsOrHCM&imgurl=http://www.library.drexel.edu/blogs/groupwork/files/2011/09/CLIPART_OF_16323_SM_2.jpg&w=480&h=480&ei=wdXkTrarFYqUiQfDzs22BQ&zoom=1

The circulation of media content – across different media systems, competing media economies, and national borders – depends heavily on consumers’ active participation. Jenkins, H. (2006) Introduction: Worship at the Altar of Convergence


In my understanding with this statement, the media content will stay in the circulation depending on how the consumers’ react and participate towards the message. Just like on how consumers’ patronize products, without consumers’ patronization the product will be moved out to the circulation of the industry. It will just die and fade constantly. Even if the media has a strong foundation when it comes to its systems, economies and borders but it’s content where not properly presented resulting to ignorance of the audience, that media institution or organization will die.

For the media organization will continue in the circulation of the industry, the organization must have strategies on how they will disseminate the message that they want to convey. These strategies that will attract their consumer must focus on the interest and significance of their audience. If the audience found out that the message is interesting and significant, they will continuously follow on the next messages and maintain its patronization towards this. Because of this, there are impact and influences of the messages to the consumers. Mostly, consumers build up decision relying on the messages of the media content which often times lead to its dependency on the media.

Media system dependency theory was first developed by Sandra Ball-Rokeach and Melvin DeFleur in 1976. The theory addresses the shortcomings of communication studies in 1960s and 1970s that either focused on the micro-level or psychological level of individual’s media use or focused on the macro-level with the assumption of strong media effects. Rather than resorting to either strong or weak media effects, media system dependency theory focuses on the factors that influence media effects and the context in which the power of media becomes strong or weak. The power of media is affected by whether the media are exclusive and important resources to the particular individual and social organization. Media system dependency theory explains the relationship between individuals, groups, organizations, social systems and the media system from an ecological and multilevel perspective.

This theory attempts to describe how the media affects the lives of individuals. According to this theory, there is considerable variation in how much people depend on the media, and in what types of media are most influential. This theory states that the more dependent an individual is on the media for having his or her needs fulfilled, the more important the media will be to that person.

This theory is based on the Uses and Gratifications Theory and ties into the Agenda Setting Theory.  Uses and Grats identify how people use and become dependent upon the media.  People use the media for many reasons.  Information, entertainment, and parasocial relationships are just a few of them.  The Dependency Theory says the more a person becomes dependent on the media to fulfill these needs, the media will become more important to that individual.  The media will also have much more influence and power over that individual.  If someone is so dependent on the media for information, and the media is that person’s only source for information, then it is easy to set the agenda.  The individual falls victim to Agenda Setting.  As you can see, these three theories intertwine quite a bit. 

Credits :

http://sirmarteliascarlo.tumblr.com/post/13820052911

http://www.oxfordbibliographiesonline.com/view/document/obo-9780199756841/obo-9780199756841-0056.xml;jsessionid=DDF0A0F52468FF573BDDBCA4EC4FF451

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/media-system-dependency-theory.html

http://www.uky.edu/~drlane/capstone/mass/dependency.htm

http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?q=media+consumer+participation&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=705&tbm=isch&tbnid=aHn-ndIvN7hycM:&imgrefurl=http://stonetreeaus.wordpress.com/2011/02/04/how-do-you-know-that-you-do-good-work-consumer-participation-online/&docid=NAVRtCzVXlQWMM&itg=1&imgurl=http://stonetreeaus.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/sponsors.jpg&w=480&h=360&ei=Y9rkTt_FI6GOmQXmvdGABQ&zoom=1